Memoryless Reigns of the “Sons of Heaven”

Human lifetimes have increasing failure rates; as people age (beyond early childhood) they are more likely to die. Viewing the succession of Chinese Emperors as a statistical ensemble we show that, unlike lifetimes, their reigns ceased at a constant rate for over two millennia, unaffected by elapsed time. In fact reign lengths of the “Sons of Heaven”, as the Chinese Emperors were known, followed a memoryless exponential distribution with a 10-year half-life. Becoming emperor not only influenced the duration of remaining life, but length of rule was independent of age at ascent. We propose an explanation for the observed exponentiality using asymptotic results from the theory of stationary stochastic processes.     

浅谈高等级公路沥青路面病害与养护

基于高等级公路的沥青路面早期病害的特征与成因,探讨了如何选择相适应的养护处治对策。     

浅析忽略物业管理早期介入原因

物业管理早期介入的观点是为了保证物业能正常使用和发挥功能而提出的。通过理解其涵义以及在项目各阶段的工作及角色,分析得到忽略物业管理早期介入原因如下:物业管理早期介入概念远未能普及、回避物业管理的早期介入、物业公司本身缺陷、物业管理经营与房地产开发经营是相互独立且互补的、历史和现实原因形成的陈旧观念。     

从语用失误看高职学生英语语用能力的培养

语用能力的培养对于高职英语教学至关重要。为了提高高职学生的语用能力,以学生的语用失误为切入点,分析语用失误的类型及原因,提出培养学生语用能力的教学方法。     

Impact of heart failure on hospital activity and healthcare costs in Belgium

Summary

Heart failure (HF) is a serious public health problem worldwide. It has a high prevalence, affects mainly the elderly and causes high mortality or disability with high economic costs. The aim of the present study was to calculate the number of admissions for HF, the total in-hospital stay, the mean length of in-hospital stay and the in-hospital costs due to HF in Belgium.

Retrospective analysis of data from the national hospital registration system provided the following results. In 2001, there were 19,398 admissions with HF as a primary diagnosis, with a total in-hospital stay of 286,938 days. The mean in-hospital stay for HF was 14.8 days. The total in-hospital cost of HF as a primary diagnosis was € 94,113,827, representing 1.8% of the total hospital expenditure.

The limitations of this study are its mere focus on admissions and their characteristics in 2001, and the use of a retrospective analysis. Nevertheless, it led to the conclusion that HF was responsible for a significant number of in-hospital days, with a significant impact on healthcare costs in Belgium.     

A parsimonious model to forecast financial distress,based on audit evidence

This paper provides evidence that audit reports convey relevant evidence for inferring the existence of underlying, unrevealed, financial imbalances. Unlike previous works, which studied US listed-firms bankruptcy, our research deals with Spanish non-financial SMEs under financial stress. Our results indicate that the audit of distressed SMEs has several distinctive features: higher auditor rotation, more qualified reports, and non-compliance with deadlines to approve and file the annual financial statements. We use this evidence to build and test a parsimonious and reliable forecast model. Several implications for auditors’ independence, information quality, and failure forecast are discussed.     

柳工856装载机电气故障模拟试验台开发

由于装载机结构庞大,电器元件隐蔽分散,不适合实物教学。我院研制开发的柳工856装载机电气故障模拟试验台结构紧凑、尺寸小,可在实验室内直接进行实验。教学效果较好,而且经济效益明显,占用实验室空间小。对国内高职院校工程机械电气课程教学有一定的示范和借鉴作用。     

浅析大学生学业困难的成因分析与预警方法

当前,高校学业困难的学生已引起教育界人士的普遍关注。通过对在校大学生学习存在困难的群体进行初步分析认为:学生中之所以出现较大面积的迟到、旷课、痴迷上网和部分打架斗殴等问题,主要是因为学生的预期与大学的办学条件以及教学管理水平不符,从而导致学生信心丧失、无心向学;地域文化差异形成的气质与性格导致学生产生攀比心理;东西部地区经济发展差异导致家庭经济困难学生极度自卑或心理失衡;人生目标迷茫、家庭情感缺失和校园文化活动贫瘠导致学生对网络产生依恋。高校应加强对学习困难学生的教育管理,密切与下心学习困难的学生家长进行沟通与联络,不断丰富校园文化,帮助他们重新树立对生活的热情和信心。     

英、汉语言语际交流中的常见语用失误

人们在进行英、汉两种语言语际交际时,在"礼貌原则"、"会话含意"和"所指关系"三个方面的理解不同而有可能产生语用失误。因此,在进行英语与汉语之间的交流时,人们一定要考虑所用语言的文化背景和社会背景,不能用自己的风俗去硬套别人的风俗。否则,在交流中会产生许多失误,达不到交际的目的。     

A NEW INSIGHT INTO THE GENDER GAP IN MATH

In the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort, I find that the gender gap is not uniform across the distribution of math skills and that these quantile‐specific gaps vary with age. Specifically, girls at the top of the distribution initially fall behind boys but manage to catch up later. At the same time, girls in the lower parts of the distribution lose ground. In fifth grade, a gender gap of 0.2 standard deviation, about 2.5 months of schooling, is observed across the entire distribution. Overall, these patterns indicate the possibility that low performing girls become worse and vice versa. These results demonstrate important dynamics of the gap that are relevant for policy, but that the mean gap fails to show.